One of Europe’s biggest nations, Germany which surrounds a wide variety of landscapes. The name Germany has long described not a particular place but the loose, fluid polity of Germanic-speaking peoples that held sway over much of Western Europe north of the Alps for millennia. At the same time, the German health care industry is growing at the rate of 5% per annum, giving more chances for healthcare businesses to enter this market and permitting German health care industry to invade different nations. Germany remains the third biggest market for healthcare and medical products. Germany has a long history of manufacturing high-quality medical equipment, with particular importance on diagnostic imaging, precision medical instruments, dental products and visual automation. The national budget for its health care is estimated at 11% of the country’s GDP.
The Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM) is the institution responsible for regulating medical devices in Germany. Headquartered in Bonn, BfArM operates under the Federal Ministry of Health. BfArM also oversees the clinical investigations of medical devices in Germany. Clinical investigations are conducted to assess the safety and effectiveness of the medical device. They are only required for high-risk devices or if the existing clinical data or clinical evaluation report for a product is inadequate.
Though Germany houses some of the biggest medical device companies in the world, it is dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Germany is receptive to new and innovative technology to support its highly accredited medical care. Products with the highest demand in Germany include cutting-edgetechnologies, diagnostic and therapeutic devices, and non-invasive or minimally invasive medical equipment.
Medical Device Classification
Since Germany is a European Union member country, it follows the device classification system that ofEU Medical Device Directives(MDD) soon to be replaced by the EU Medical Device Regulations (MDR).Medical device classificationin Germany is in four risk-based classes: I, IIa, IIb, and III. Class I being the lowest risk while Class III being the highest risk.
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Medical Device Registration Process
Every single medical device enrolled within the European Union must get CE Mark. A CE mark is a widely accepted and known symbol which indicates that the device conforms to all regulations and requirements under the current European Union standards. The CE mark also allows for the device to be marketed freely within all EU member states. Theobjective of a CE markis to save manufacturers time, cost, and effort in preparing and submitting onerous dossiers, separately in 28 different countries. With a CE mark, companies can market and sell their products simultaneously in all EU member states whether that is Germany, France or Croatia. However, several EU member countries require some additional requirements before the product can be marketed or sold in that country.
Note that in order to obtain a CE-mark; a foreign manufacturer first must appoint an Authorized Representative (AR), especially if they do not have any representation in the EU. The AR can be based in any of the EU member states. Their primary role is to act as the liaison between the Notified Body, Agency and the manufacturer. The AR would assist with the registration process and perform all postmarket surveillance activities.
Additionally, manufacturers must have aQuality Management System(QMS). The most widely accepted QMS is the ISO 13485 certification, which is valid for three years. Germany is one of the countries in the EU that does require additional requirements outside of the CE mark. BfArM has an electronic portal called DIMDI.
Manufacturers have to complete the following tasks:
- If the manufacturer, importer or AR of the product is registered as a business in Germany, they must notify BfArM once the device is placed on the market, using theDIMDIsystem.
- Assign a Safety Officer and notify it on the same DIMDI system.
- All labelling and Instructions for Use must be in German.
- Adverse event reporting should be made to the respective institutes depending on the nature of the medical device.
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